For aspiring aircraft mechanics, choosing the right certification is a crucial step in launching a successful aviation maintenance career. Two of the most recognized aircraft maintenance certifications are the EASA Aircraft Maintenance Licence (AML) and the FAA Airframe and Powerplant (A&P) Certificate. While both serve the common goal of ensuring aircraft safety through qualified personnel, they differ significantly in structure, scope, training requirements, and global applicability.
This article explores the key differences between EASA and FAA A&P certifications, helping you decide which path best aligns with your aviation career goals.
What Is the EASA AML?
The EASA Aircraft Maintenance Licence (AML) is issued by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). It is a globally recognized certification that permits holders to perform and certify aircraft maintenance, primarily in Europe but also in many other regions that adopt EASA standards.
EASA AML Categories
The EASA license structure is categorized by the complexity and type of work allowed:
Category A: Authorizes basic tasks under specific instructions (limited scope, no major defect rectification).
Category B1: Focused on mechanical and electrical systems, divided into:
B1.1: Turbine-engine airplanes
B1.2: Piston-engine airplanes
B1.3: Turbine-engine helicopters
B1.4: Piston-engine helicopters
Category B2: Covers avionics and aircraft electrical systems.
Category C: Permits certification of base maintenance on entire aircraft.
What Is the FAA A&P Certification?
The FAA A&P Certificate is administered by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the United States. It is considered the gold standard for aircraft maintenance within the U.S. and is widely recognized globally under various bilateral aviation safety agreements.
FAA A&P Ratings
The FAA certification is divided into two primary ratings:
Airframe Rating: Covers aircraft structures, control systems, landing gear, and environmental systems.
Powerplant Rating: Authorizes maintenance of aircraft engines and propellers.
Mechanics who hold both ratings (commonly referred to as A&P mechanics) are qualified to perform work on nearly all aspects of an aircraft.
Key Differences: EASA AML vs FAA A&P
Here’s a detailed comparison to help you understand the difference between EASA and FAA A&P certifications:
| Feature | EASA AML | FAA A&P Certificate |
|---|---|---|
| Governing Body | European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) | Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) |
| Region of Validity | Europe and countries adopting EASA standards | United States and countries with FAA bilateral agreements |
| License Structure | Category-based (A, B1, B2, C) | Rating-based (Airframe and Powerplant) |
| Exam Format | Modular theory exams + practical assessments per module | Written, oral, and practical exams for both ratings |
| Maintenance Protocol | Follow strict Approved Maintenance Program (AMP) | Follow FAA-approved manufacturer manuals and advisory circulars |
| Training Path | Requires EASA-approved training programs | Training through Part 147 schools or documented on-the-job experience (OJT) |
Training and Certification Requirements
EASA AML Pathway
To obtain an EASA AML, you must:
Attend an EASA Part-147 approved training organization
Complete required modular theory exams and practical assessments
Accumulate certified experience (typically 2–5 years depending on license category)
Apply for the license through the national aviation authority in an EASA member state
FAA A&P Pathway
To earn the FAA A&P certificate, you can choose one of two routes:
Part 147 Aviation Maintenance School: Offers structured classroom and hands-on training.
On-the-Job Training (OJT): Requires at least 30 months of documented experience (or 18 months for just Airframe or Powerplant).
After fulfilling experience requirements, you must pass:
Three written exams (General, Airframe, Powerplant)
Oral and practical exams administered by an FAA-designated examiner
Which License Is Right for You?
Your choice between EASA vs FAA A&P depends on your:
Career location: Choose EASA AML for Europe or FAA A&P for the United States.
Type of aircraft: Certain aircraft fleets are regulated under specific authorities.
Global mobility: Some professionals pursue dual certification to expand their global employment opportunities.
Can You Convert EASA to FAA A&P (and Vice Versa)?
Yes, conversion between EASA and FAA licenses is possible, but the process involves:
Verifying existing credentials
Meeting specific training/experience requirements
Passing local authority exams (e.g., FAA Knowledge Test or EASA modular exams)
Always check the latest guidance from EASA and FAA or consult with a licensing advisor.
Final Thoughts
Both EASA AML and FAA A&P certifications open doors to rewarding careers in aviation maintenance. Understanding their differences can help you chart a clear path in the global aviation industry. Whether you choose to work in Europe, the U.S., or internationally, obtaining a recognized aircraft mechanic license is the foundation for long-term success.
